Solar Powered Electric Aircraft

Solar-Powered Electric Aircraft This makes solar power systems suitable for small aircraftsThe sunlight absorption by the solar cells is more in altitude in ground stations or earth. Aircraft seats one and two are flying in Germany, China and Switzerland. In fact, Germany and USA they are planning a whole line of aircraft powered by solar cells. For propulsion, these aircraft rely on electric motors (brushless DC) Furthermore, Solidstate designs have poten-tial to deliver three times the energy density in less than half the cost per kWh of current batteries will shortly.The Li-ion batteries available are charged by solar cells, which, in turn, supply power to the electric motors. With this development, some of the manufacturers are planning solar cell efficiency aircrafts.High four seats are now available with additional concentrates. The high-efficiency solar cellsA solar power system converts sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic cells (PV). To improve the efficiency of photovoltaic cells, concentrating solar systems use lenses or mirrors power. The advantage of using solar energy systems for aircraft is that the absorption of sunlight by solar cells is higher in altitude than at ground stations or earth. These plans are ideal for a country like India, which receives abundant solar energy throughout the year. The average solar energy per unit area outside Earth's atmosphere is ten times that available on Earth's surface. Some of the emerging technologies that can significantly improve the efficiency of energy use include multijunction cells, displacement of optical frequency, multiple exciton generation-cells, cells at the multiple-energy, hot carrier cells and concentrator photovoltaic systems hybrid photovoltaic systems. Some of the emerging technologies that can significantly improve the efficiency of energy use include multijunction cells, displacement of optical frequency excitongeneration multiple cells, cell-level multi-energy, hot carrier cells, concentrator photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic systems hybrids Photovoltaic cells have quantized band-like structure quantum well and quantum-dots can theoretically be as efficient as 60 percent. In fact, leadselenide (PbSe) quantum dots have already demonstrated this level of efficiency in laboratories. Electric propulsion systemsElectric motors are DC motors Brushless incorporating high energy magnets. High energy magnets are made of neodium-iron-boron or samarium cobalt, which reduces motor size while increasing its efficiency. Hall effect sensors are used to electronically commutated motors. The speed control is via a conventional PID controller. All electronics are enclosed in the housing of the motor and the engine, along with controls, is connected through a circular connector. Electric motors are used in two-seater planes, helicopters and miniature UAVs. Lightweight lithium-ion power source-are charged by solar cells mounted on the wings of the aircraft. The advantages of using DC motors are brushless: 1 speed range wider2 Operation in harsh environments and at high altitudes3 mechanical losses lower than brush motors4 extra long life5 Low current consumption6 Because of electronically commutated brushless system is immune to low humidity and arcing. Servo motors used to drive the brushless DC provide great flexibility for controlling engine accurately with various types of feedback transducers. Selecting the DC motor brushless, the range is necessary to take into account its size, weight and operational. Operating torque range vs revolutions per minute (rpm) graphs are given by the manufacturer. Since these engines run at very high speeds, transmission ratios are suitable for incorporation in motor. It is common practice to incorporate two or three stages of epicyclic gear train to drive the propellers of the aircraft. Lithium Li-ion batteries are rechargeable batteries for portable applications. They have one of the best energy densities, no memory effect and a slow loss of charge when not in use. The advantages of the use of Li-ion batteries for aircraft are: 1 Compared to other types of secondary batteries, they are very light and have densities much higher energy.2 A wide variety of shapes and sizes are available for installation on the aircraft.3 Superior open-circuit voltage than Ni-Cd and lead-acid. This increases the amount of energy that can be transferred at a lower current.4 self-discharge rate of about 5 to 10 percent per month compared to over 30 percent per month in other types of batteries.5 battery components are safe for the environment.6 From solar-powered aircraft flying at high altitudes where the temperature is low, they do not degrade and last for long. Efforts are underway to improve the power density, recharge cycle and other characteristics of Li-ion batteries. Ready for takf?Advances in solar cells with high efficiency and high power magnets rare earth motors brushless DC are contributing significantly to the solar electric airplanes. Li-ion batteries that power the motors with brushless DC significant relationship between power and weight are also an important factor. Regenerative flight techniques are used to recharge the batteries during certain flight modes. In this approach, a helix using symmetrical blade section is used as a turbine to charge the stored energy when the aircraft is in an updraft. At high altitudes, the energy available for the vertical movement of the atmosphere within a temperature may exceed the available solar energy by a factor of ten or more. Knowledge levels of system integration of multidisciplinary technologies, ie, flight control, flight management systems and landing gear are available native. It is time for the Indian industry to take advantage of these skills.- Read more at: http://zeropollution.blogspot.com/2013/03/solar-powered-electric-aircraft.html#sthash.erFVUcEX.dpuf